Twi'lek

Twi'leks, occasionally referred to as Rylothians, were a tall humanoid species whose most striking feature was a pair of long appendages protruding from their skull, called lekku. They hailed from the planet of Ryloth, in the Outer Rim Territories, and female Twi'lek were often exported offworld as slaves.

Biology and appearance
Twi'leks were a species of tall humanoids whose skin spanned a vast array of colors, including white, orange, yellow, green, pink, blue, purple, and red. Their most distinctive feature was the pair of prehensile appendages that sprouted from the crown or base of their skulls, known as lekku, or headtails. Although Twi'leks normally had two lekku, some individuals had four.

The species had two sexes, male and female. While males had ears with lobes resembling those of humans, females had cone-shaped hearing organs, found in the same place on the head. Although Twi'leks naturally had blunt teeth, males typically sharpened them to points.

Twi'leks were usually thin, although corpulent individuals were known to exist. Under normal circumstances, they generally had a higher body temperature than other humanoid species.

Twi'leks and humans could breed to create a hybrid of the two species, such as when shortly before the death of Kanan Jarrus, he and Hera Syndulla conceived a son who appeared mostly human but inherited his mothers green pigment in his hair and ears. He was born after the liberation of Lothal, which Syndulla lived to participate in.

Society and culture
The Twi'leks had a language of their own, called Twi'leki, which combined verbal sounds and an elaborate and subtle sign language using their lekku. Twi'lek's lekku could be moved to create gestures that meant things such as hello or goodbye. For example, both lekku tips crossed twice meant "I Love You". Twi'leks were capable of speaking Galactic Basic, many with a noticeable accent; though it was possible for some to lose this accent if away from Ryloth for an extended period of time, it could still resurface. For example, Hera Syndulla lapsed back into the common Twi'leki accent during an argument with her father and also used it consciously when passing herself off as a slave.

Clone Wars
The homeworld of the Twi'leks was Ryloth, a planet of harsh extremes situated in the Outer Rim Territories. That world was part of the Galactic Republic, a democratic union that governed most of the galaxy. During the Clone Wars, Ryloth was occupied by the Confederacy of Independent Systems. Unsatisfied with the tyrannical rule that the Confederacy put them under, a Twi'lek Resistance movement arose to combat the Separatists, led by Cham Syndulla. This movement was publicly backed and actively assisted by the Galactic Republic. Working with the Grand Army of the Republic and the Jedi Order, the Twi'lek Resistance managed to expel Separatist forces under Wat Tambor. The Republic then annexed Ryloth.

Imperial protectorate
Following the end of the Clone Wars, the Republic was transformed into the Galactic Empire and Ryloth was annexed by the Empire. The planet became an Imperial protectorate and the Twi'leks living on Ryloth were subjected to Imperial rule. While Ryloth was nominally independent and was still represented by Senator Orn Free Taa in the Galactic Senate, real power lay in the hands of the Imperial Moff Delian Mors.

About five years after the establishment of the Empire, Cham reorganised the Twi'lek Resistance as the Free Ryloth movement in order to expel the Empire from Ryloth. While most of the Free Ryloth resistance fighters were Twi'leks, it included a number of non-Twi'leks like Colonel Belkor Dray. The Free Ryloth resistance consisted of hundreds of fighters, a network of informants and spies, and staged raids which led to the deaths of dozens of Imperial personnel. After Darth Vader killed one of Cham's lieutenants Pok and his comrades after the theft of an Imperial freighter from the Yaga Minor shipyards, Cham decided to shift from half-hearted measures towards taking full action against the Empire.

Emperor Palpatine conspired to lure the Free Ryloth rebels into a trap by organizing a visit to Ryloth with Darth Vader and arranging for information on the trip to be leaked to the Ryloth rebels. Cham seized the opportunity to kill the two Sith Lords and fragment the Empire. The two Sith Lords traveled to Ryloth in the Imperial Star Destroyer Perilous. Cham's rebels attacked the Perilous with space mines, Vulture droids, and rebels disguised as rescue crew. However, Vader and the Emperor managed to escape to Ryloth. Following a prolonged pursuit, the Free Ryloth rebels tried to close in on the two Sith Lords in a remote village. Imperial forces under Moff Delian however arrived at the village and routed the rebels. Cham and his surviving comrades fled to resume their struggle.

Cham's daughter Hera Syndulla became a key leader in the rebellion against the Empire and led her own rebel cell. She believed that Ryloth's freedom was linked to the rebellion. Hera disagreed with Cham's focus on Ryloth and the two parted company. Three years before the Battle of Yavin, the Empire used a Quasar Fire-class cruiser-carrier to bomb Ryloth. Despite their differences, Cham and Hera's rebel cells joined forces to steal the cruiser-carrier for the Phoenix Cell. As a result, ties were established between the Free Ryloth movement and the wider rebellion.

Two years before the Battle of Yavin, the Empire dispatched the Chiss Grand Admiral Thrawn to deal with the Ryloth insurgency. By studying Twi'lek art, culture, philosophy, and history, Thrawn was able to devise successful tactics that led to the fall of Tann Province. The Free Ryloth movement lost many fighters and Cham was forced to flee his own home. Hera, Cham, and the other rebels then took part in an unsuccessful attempt to recover a family heirloom, the Kalikori, from Thrawn. Despite failing to recover the object, the rebels escaped an attempt by Captain Slavin to capture the rebels and Cham.

Inspired by the Free Ryloth Movement and Phoenix Squadron of Phoenix Cell, many Twi'leks decided to fight against the Empire and join the Alliance to Restore the Republic to see peace in their homeworld. Prior to the Battle of Jakku, Ryloth was freed when Imperial forces on the planet retreated to Jakku and join with a growing Imperial remnant there. During the New Republic era, fearing another occupation of their independent homeworld by the First Order, numerous Twi'leks swore allegiance to Leia Organa and the Resistance.

Twi'leks in the galaxy
Since female Twi'leks were regarded as graceful and beautiful beings, many of them were forced into a life of slavery at the hands of the galaxy's wealthy and powerful. Other Twi'leks, however, found themselves in positions of power; Bib Fortuna served as the majordomo to the crime lord Jabba the Hutt for decades, Aayla Secura was a Jedi Knight of the Jedi Order, and Senator Orn Free Taa represented his homeworld Ryloth in the Galactic Republic's Senate and later the Imperial Senate. Due to their frequent use as slaves, Twi'lek could move surreptiously through places an army could not penetrate. Because of that, some found employment as undercover agents.

Cham Syndulla was a leader of the Twi'lek Resistance during the Clone Wars and later became the leader of the Free Ryloth movement. His daughter Hera Syndulla also became the leader of the Spectres and later became Phoenix Leader in the Phoenix Squadron, a member of the rebellion and eventually reaching the rank of General.

Behind the scenes
The name Twi'lek wasn't spoken in any Star Wars films. It was first coined by the Star Wars Legends 1987 West End Games publication The Star Wars Sourcebook. The name was brought back to canon in the species' Databank entry.

Star Wars creator George Lucas acknowledged about the name Twi'lek, as evidenced by a remark of his during the production of the 2005 film Star Wars: Episode III Revenge of the Sith that was documented in an Set Diary entry.

Non-canon appearances

 * Disney Infinity 3.0
 * Angry Birds Star Wars II
 * LEGO Star Wars: The Force Awakens
 * Star Wars: Galaxy of Heroes
 * Phineas and Ferb: Star Wars
 * LEGO Star Wars: The Force Awakens
 * Star Wars: Galaxy of Heroes
 * Phineas and Ferb: Star Wars
 * LEGO Star Wars: The Force Awakens
 * Star Wars: Galaxy of Heroes
 * Phineas and Ferb: Star Wars
 * LEGO Star Wars: The Force Awakens
 * Star Wars: Galaxy of Heroes
 * Phineas and Ferb: Star Wars
 * Star Wars: Galaxy of Heroes
 * Phineas and Ferb: Star Wars